Nanomaterials are materials having dimensions or features in the size range of 1-100 nanometers. In this guided reading course we will study and discuss the fundamental chemical and physical aspects of nanomaterials, including their synthesis, formation mechanism, structure, physical properties (mechanical, electronic, optical, thermal, etc.), characterization methods, and potential applications. During this course, we will learn the basic phenomena that make nanomaterials different from macroscopic materials, review the major discoveries in the field so far, and try to identify what the most interesting questions are today in nanoscience and nanotechnology.