Philosophy and History of Microbiology
Course description:
This graduate seminar will examine the field of microbiology from its early days to the present. The class will explore key historical challenges in microbial research across three main periods: starting with the first observations made by the Dutch cloth merchant Antony Van Leeuwenhoek of the "small animals" (animalcules) in the 17th century, continuing through the development of bacteriological and ecological research in the 19th century, and culminating with recent technological advancements in metagenomics sequencing of microbial communities in their natural environments. Next, we will discuss the conceptual challenges posed by the microscopic scale and provide an integrative framework for understanding concepts and research models in ecology, immunology, and biomedicine. Within this framework, we will investigate the relationship between the individual and their environment from a microbiological perspective. For example, there is a gradual shift in biomedical studies that incorporates models from microbial ecology into research on various chronic diseases, such as Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and other autoimmune diseases. However, puzzling issues remain, such as the organism?s relationship with its close and intimate environment and the understanding of the immune system's role in the host-microbial relationship. Addressing these issues is crucial for comprehending concepts such as boundaries and stability in ecological and biological systems, which focus on the processes of mutual interactions.
The readings for this course will include historical and philosophical texts.
Requirements and assignments:
1. 30 % - Reading the required articles (one article per week or two short ones), attendance, and participation in classes
a. Presenting an article in class and leading the discussion in a roundtable format, 25%.
b. Presenting a question or counterargument on two of the readings, 5%
2. 10% - Submit online forum - three reflections (400~ words) each on a different paper from the reading list. Respond to three reflections from other class participants.
**The reflections and responses should be submitted before class.
3. 60% - A two-page final essay synthesizing two or more issues from the readings with a current challenge from scientific practice.