1. Control theory
2. Electronics
3. Noise processes
4. Electronic noise and Ground loops
5. Optical detection
6. CCD’s, single photon detectors
7. Acousto-optic modulators; Electro-optic modulators
8. Optical elements: polarization, coatings.
9. Digital control: Arduino; FPGA
10. Frequency sources quartz crystals, DDS and PLL
11. Frequency stabilization of lasers to cavities