0. PERSPECTIVE
Where Magnetic Resonance comes from. Where it stands in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine. Magnetic Resonance at the Weizmann Institute
I. CLASSICAL DESCRIPTION OF NMR
Motion of Charged Particles. Magnetic Moments and Magnetic Fields. A Glimpse into the Quantum Mechanics of NMR. Nuclear Magnetizations. Classical Motion of the Spins. RF Irradiation of the Spins: Rotating Frame. Problems
Primary Bibliography: Keeler, paragraphs 4.1-4.4. Claridge Ch. 2
II. PRINCIPLES OF PULSED NMR
The Pulsed NMR Experiment: Square Pulses. Quadrature Detection in the Rotating Frame. The Trigonometrics of NMR: Fourier Analysis, Discrete Sampling, and Fast Fourier Transform. Effects of Relaxation and the Bloch Equations. Measuring Relaxation: Pulse Sequences. NMR Line Shapes and the Phase of Spectral Peaks. Broadband Irradiation, Selective Irradiation, Composite Pulses. Artifacts and Phase Cycling. Signal?to?Noise in Pulsed NMR. Resolution Considerations: Magnets, Shims, Spinning, Locking. Review of Electronics. NMR Probes. Down-conversion and digitization. Block Diagram of a Basic NMR Spectrometer. Problems.
Primary Bibliography: Derome, chapters 2 to 4. Fukushima, paragraphs II-A, II-B, V-C. Keeler paragraphs 4.1-4.8, 4.10-4.11. Ch. 5. Ch. 13. Claridge Ch. 3
III. MAGNETIC RESONANCE INTERACTIONS
The Chemical Shift and Spin?Spin (J) Interactions: Typical Couplings in Organic and Biological Spin-1/2 Systems. The NMR Signal of Several Coupled Spins. Equivalence in Liquid Phase NMR. NMR Interactions in Solids vs Liquids: The Shift, Dipolar, and Quadrupolar Anisotropies. Solid State NMR Line Shapes. Averaging of Anisotropic Couplings in Solution NMR. Averaging Techniques in Solids. MR Interactions in the Presence of Unpaired Electrons: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Paramagnetic NMR. Man-made Interactions: Gradients and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Problems
Primary Bibliography: Claridge Ch. 2.
IV. MULTIPLE RESONANCE: DECOUPLING, EDITING, AND TRANSFERS
The Full Effects of J?Couplings: In?Phase and Anti?Phase Magnetizations. Double Resonance_part 1: π?Pulses and Decoupling. Composite Pulse Decoupling. APT Spectral Editing. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE). Double Resonance_part 2: π/2-Pulses and Coherence Transfers. Heteronuclear INEPT Experiments. Inept Spectral Editing and DEPT Experiments. Problems
Primary Bibliography: Derome, chapter 6. Keeler Ch4.9, 4.10, Ch 7. Claridge Ch. 4
V. MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR
Principles and Plots. Correlations via J?Couplings: Heteronuclear Correlation and Homonuclear COSY NMR Experiments. Purely?Absorptive Lineshapes in 2D NMR. Digital Resolution, Selectivity and Noise in 2D NMR. Cross Peaks Among Indirectly Coupled Spins: Relayed COSY and TOCSY NMR Experiments. Inverse Spectroscopy. Experiments Involving Transfers of Magnetizations: 2D Exchange and 2D NOESY NMR. Magnetic Resonance Images as Multidimensional NMR Spectra. Problems.
Primary Bibliography: Derome, chapters 8 & 9. Keeler Ch. 8. Claridge Chs. 5 & 6